Understanding the common terms

• Super Computer Center

The construction site that provides centralized super computers with operating environment. It can be a building, several buildings or a part of a building.

• Support Area 

The area that provides power support and safety control to super computer center, including electricity transformation and distribution room, power station room, fire-fighting equipment room, maintenance room, etc. 

• Administrative Area 

The place for daily administrative management and for customers to manage their managed devices, including office, entrance hall, duty room, washroom, dressing room, spare parts room, user operating room, etc.

• Infrastructure 

The facilities that provide super computers with operating guarantee in super computer center.

• Super Computer

The equipment that collects, processes, operates, storages, transmits and retrieves electronic information, including ASIC, GPU, TPU, etc.   

• Redundancy 

Repeat the configuration of some or all parts of system. When system fails, the part of redundancy configuration intervenes and undertakes the work of defective part, so as to extend the mean time between failures of system. 

• N — Base Requirement

System can meet basic requirements without redundancy.  

• N+X Redundancy 

In addition to meeting basic requirements, X components, X units, X modules, X paths are added to system.  The failure or maintenance of any X components, units, modules or paths will not cause the disruption of system operation. (X=1~N) 

• Fault Tolerant 

Have two or more systems, and at least one system operates normally at the same time. The infrastructure configurated according to fault tolerant system can still meet the basic requirements on the normal operation of super computer after an unexpected equipment failure or man-caused operational error. 

• Electromagnetic Interference 

The decline of device, equipment or system performance caused by electromagnetic disturbance.

• Electromagnetic Shielding

Use conducting material to reduce the penetration of alternating electromagnetic field into the designated area.

• Electrostatic Leakage 

The phenomenon that electrostatic charge on charged body partially or completely disappears when passing through the inside or the surface of the charged body.

• Volume Resistance 

The quotient of the DC voltage between the two electrodes placed on opposite surfaces of material and the steady state current flowing between the two electrodes (excluding the current along the surface of material).   

• Protective Earthing

The earthing aims at protecting personal and equipment safety.

• Functional Earthing 

The earthing that is used to guarantee the normal operation of equipment (system), and implement equipment (system) functions correctly.

• Earthing Conductor 

Boding conductor from earthing terminal or earthing collector to earthing pole.

• Bonding Bar 5 

The metal bar of equipotential bonding that is formed by connecting bonding grid, the metal case, metal pipe and meatal wire casing of equipment, and the metal construction of building, etc.

• Bonding Conductor 

The conductor that connects separate conductive objects to earthing collector, bonding bar and bonding grid.

• Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)

The parameter of the power usage effectiveness of super computer center, and the value is the total power consumption of all electric equipment in super computer center relative to the total power consumption of all IT equipment.   

• Water Usage Effectiveness (WUE)

The parameter of the water usage effectiveness of super computer center, and the value is the total water consumption of all water equipment in super computer center relative to the total power consumption of all super computers. 

• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

The computational method that analyzes physical phenomena like fluid flow, heat transfer, etc. and gets temperature field, pressure field, velocity field, etc. by finding solution of hydrodynamic equations through computer modeling.

• Duplicate Supply 

The power supply of one load is provided by two circuits. These two circuits are deemed as mutual independence in terms of safe power supply.   

• Enterprise Command Center (ECC)

The platform that provides monitoring, commanding and dispatching, technical support and emergency exercises to various systems of super computer center, also known as monitoring center.   

• Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)

The total sum of construction cost and operation cost within the life cycle of super computer center.

• Super Computer Center Infrastructure Management (SCIM)

SCIM analyzes, integrates and refines useful data and help operation and maintenance staff of super computer center management super computer center and optimize the performance of super computer center through constantly collecting asset and resource information as well as operation condition of various equipment.